Public Health Depression WHO

Question: Describe why depression is an important issue in public health. Discuss at least three different approach that being used to address this issue. Discuss how you would share this infromation in your clinical or service area to enhance patient or client care? Answer: Introduction According to WHO, depression is depression is considered as a common mental disorder that may include loss of pleasure or interest, sadness, lack of concentration feeling guilt and de-motivated as well as having disturbance in sleep. Depression could be recurrent or long lasting, which left great impact on an individuals personal as well as professional life. According to Meeks et al. (2011), it is found that severe depression can even lead to the death of a person. From the research work of Marcus et al. (2012),it is observed that depression can affect one in 15 adults (6.7%) in world wide. It is also noticed that one in six (16.6%) experiences depression in any period of their life. Although depression can occur at any stages of life it is demonstrated by Pescosolido et al. (2010), that most of women who are teenagers could be considered as the vulnerable group. Different approaches to address Depression Depression is not equal to the grief or sadness. There are different risk factors, which are associated with the occurrence of depression. Several factors that play a key role in the context of depression are Biochemistry (imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain of individual people), Genetics, and personality of individual person and the impact of the environment, where the person belongs to (Silva et al. 2010). Therefore, the approaches to treat depression are diversified. There are different approaches that could be undertaken while treat depressed people. However, before going through the treatment procedures, the health care professionals need to conduct a complete diagnostic evaluation, which may include physical examination of the patient as well as interview. The health professionals need to identify specific symptoms, environmental and cultural factors, and the medical history of the patient. According to Katz (2011), depression is considered as the most treatable mental disorder. Impact of depression on society and the economy of a country Depression was always considered as the curse of the society. The reason behind considering depression as a curse is- it not only affects the social life of a person but also has a deep impact on the economy. Many countries experienced the downturn of economy due to the increasing rate of depression among the common people. To most of the countries, the common people are the human resources for their industries. Therefore, when the country faced a shortage or turbulence in their workforces, it becomes certain that that the growth of the industries in that country should come to halt, which is not a good sign for the economy of the country. According to Silva et al. (2012), the United Kingdom experienced the great depression, which may not be faced by other countries. In 1930s, the United Kingdom faced Great Slump or the Great Depression in the United Kingdom. It was the most profound economic depression of the 20th century in Britain, which was originated in the United States. By the summer of 1932, 3.5 million people were unemployed due to their mental incompatibility for work due to depression, which cost Britain failure in world trade by half. Although today the situation is much better than 1930s, it is dare to say that still the individuals who are suffering from depression are considered as the burden of the society and the government took fewer steps to improve the situation. Most of the patients have to rely on their family for the treatment and failing to cope up with the society. Holistic Approaches to treat depression A holistic approach to treat depression signifies the treatment of whole being, which is both body and mind to help the patient feel better (Rosen, Imperato and Fee 2015). The holistic approaches that could be taken by the health care personals may include exercise, diet and talk therapy. Holistic approaches along with the medications can speed up the recovery process. Exercise: Following an exercise chart in regular basis is proved as effective to treat depression just like application of medications. Exercise is helpful to trigger several feel-good brain chemicals as well as endorphins and serotonin, which in turn triggers growth of new brain cells as well as connections so that the patients do feel people (Puhl and Heuer 2010). Best of all, the patient do not need to engage a personal trainer but a 30 minute walk is enough to make the swing of mood. Nutrition: Eating good foods and maintaining a good diet chart is important for both physical and mental health. Consumption of well balanced meal throughout the day is helpful to keep the patients energize and reduce mood swings. Foods enriched with sugar proved as more effective to boost the energy level. Sleep: According to the research of Silva et al. (2012), it is found that sleep plays an important role to cure depression. If a depressed person is not having enough sleep, the depression symptoms become worse. Sleep deprivation can induce moodiness, sadness, irritability and fatigue. People, who managed to sleep minimum 7 hours, are less prone to be diagnosed with depression. Social support: presence of strong social networks and relationship is helpful t reduce isolation, which is considered as a key risk factor to treat depression. Therefore, patients need to maintain a close relationship with the family members as well as friends. According to Wells et al. (2010), engaging in volunteer work is a positive step to get social support and offer the same. Talk Therapy: Talk therapy is a very common but effective approach to treat depression, which often proved as better than consumption of antidepressants. Stress Reduction: To get rid of depression, it is important to reduce the stresses and work pressure. Too much stress can induce depression as well as endangered the life of the patients. Psychotherapy to treat depression Psychotherapy is considered as the first form to treat patients with depression. All though, it psychotherapy is designated as a therapy, it is noticed that psychotherapy involves different types of treatment procedure to treat the patients with depression (Anda et al. 2010). A patient who is suffering from depression needs to talk with trained mental health care personnel and identify those factors, which are causing depression. Psychotherapy could be approached through different formats like individual, group or a family talk (Thome, Hrenstam and Hagberg 2011). A doctor can only pick the proper intervention approach after talking and evaluating the current mental status of the patient. Psychotherapy helps patients in different way, such as Understanding of the emotional state and the behavior of the patient Understanding as well as evaluating the problems experiencing by the patient in hi or her personal as well as professional life. Restructuring the way of thinking of the patients that is eliminating the negative attributes. Regaining the sense of pleasure and control in life Learning how to cope up with the problem-solving skills and techniques Different types of therapy for depression Individual: this therapy includes the therapist and the patient Group: in this type of therapy more than two patients can engage with the therapist to talk about their problems. In this type of therapy the patients have opportunity to learn about the problems faced by the others and relate their condition with them (Stuckey and Nobel 2010). Marital: In this procedure of therapy the married couples and spouses come to consult with the therapist. This therapy is helpful to redeem the good memories and sort out the cause of depression easily. Family: Family is considered as the most important key factors that can treat depression. Therefore, consulting with the family often proved as helpful in order to reduce or cure depression. Drug treatment The use of antidepressants is very common as well as popular to treat depression. Although use of antidepressant is not preferable or considered as the first line of treatment, it is found that in severe cases of depression, administration of drugs with exercise and other treatment could be proved as beneficial to treat depression of the patients (Turnock 2011). However, it is also found that the therapists do not recommend or prescribe medicines in order to treat the children who are suffering from depression. There are different types of antidepressant available in the market, which are accessible to the patients. Therefore, in most of the cases the selection of the medicines often depends on the choice of the patients. In addition there are also other factors that can have impact on the selection of the medication, such as the side-effects of a particular drug, previous success of that drug and the impact of overdose. The variety of medicines may include- selegiline (monoamine oxi dase inhibitors), Imipramine (Tricyclic antidepressants), bupropion (atypical antidepressants) and duloxetine (Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) (Bessire et al. 2010). Implementation of different treatment approaches in the clinical system To enhance the quality care in the treatment of patients with depression, several steps could be taken. At first the clinical personal need to have a clear idea about how to evaluate the present mental and physical condition of the patient as it is impossible to implement the proper interventions to treat the patient without knowing their current physical condition. To evaluate the present condition of the patients, the health professionals need to consider several factors such the medical background and physical condition of the patients. After evaluating the present condition of the patients, the health care professionals need to select the proper intervention way. It is found that there are different types of treatment approaches such as psychotherapy, drug therapy, holistic approaches and interpersonal therapy. The clinical personals then can implement either one of the above mentioned treatment approaches or can use more than one. The clinical professionals can use both drug tre atments along with psychological therapy, which is already proved as beneficial for the treatment of depression. In addition, the health care professionals also undertake several courses to specialize in the treatment of depression, which will be helpful, to enhance the quality care or treatment level provided by the health care systems. The care givers like nurses also need to go through several special training in order to handle especially mentally depressed patients. Conclusion After reviewing several research papers it is found that depression is considered as curse in the society in world wide. The people who lived in either developed or developing countries booth face depression at some point of their life. Sometimes it is found that depression can lead the poor patient towards death. Therefore, it is important to find out as well as implement proper interventions to treat depression. The use of antidepressant is proved as promising to cure depression; however, it is found that use of antidepressant alone can lead to other complicated health related problems. Therefore, the therapists also encourage the patients to follow exercise routine and eat good food in order to stay happy. However, the support from the family is considered as the best treatment for depression. Reference Anda, R.F., Butchart, A., Felitti, V.J. and Brown, D.W., 2010. 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